A disinformation campaign has taken hold
Originally published on Global Voices
A rally against the Russian invasion of Ukraine in Taiwan, March 1, 2022. Screen capture from Formosa TV Network on Youtube.
In Taiwan, Russia's war in Ukraine has become a new fault line, further dividing those who call for more distance with China, and those who call for closer relations with Beijing.
To most Taiwanese, Ukraine seems to be a distant country with little relation to the island nation, yet Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has brought it to the center of domestic political issues, acting as a major political bellwether: just as Russian President Putin has repeatedly claimed that the Russian and Ukrainian people are united historically, Beijing has claimed Taiwan as its own territory.
Amidst Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Taiwan’s President Tsai Ying-Wen and her administration have decided to join the sanctions led by the US and European Union and deliver medical supplies to Ukraine.
Taiwan is no exception to the misinformation wars
However, President Tsai soon found that she is facing another kind of warfare in Taiwan, too. While Russia has invaded Ukraine, China launched its own cognitive warfare in Taiwan.
According to Taiwan FactCheck Center, there has a been significant amount of fake news about the Ukraine crisis circulated on Taiwan’s social media. Such content usually appropriates images that are taken from elsewhere to spread fear by showing the military strength of the Russian army. The messages attached to the images usually echo the circulating narrative that China’s army could take over Taiwan in a few days once it starts the so-called unification war.
For example, one fake item spotted by the Taiwan FactCheck Center is headlined “Ukraine army was attacked by Russia’s precise weapons. No one could escape. The scene was horrible” (烏克蘭車隊遭俄羅斯部隊精準武器襲擊，人員裝備無一倖免，現場慘不忍睹). The image used is actually a screenshot from a video game.
In addition to fake news coming from unverified sources, certain mainstream Taiwanese news outlets also failed to play their traditional gatekeeping role. For example, United Daily News, an influential newspaper founded in 1951, has sourced some of its news coverage from Russian propaganda outlet Sputnik News and falsely reported on February 26 that Ukraine's President Zelensky had fled the country.
The same disinformation was reported in a number of mainland Chinese news outlets, including the Chinese state-funded Global Times. Again, this untrue content resonates with a pro-China narrative that pro-Taiwan independent politicians would flee Taiwan immediately should China launch a military attack on the island.
The pro-China Kuomintang party (KMT) is laboriously trying to use the Ukraine crisis to promote its political agenda. Jaw Shaw-Kong, a KMT politician, argued that small countries like Taiwan and Ukraine should not provoke big countries like China and Russia:
眼看俄羅斯坦克已經開進烏克蘭，美國仍然沒打算出兵援助，只用經濟制裁的嚇阻效果有限，硬碰硬出兵阻止才有效，到那時雙方就會有傷亡。[…]可見得美國變來變去完全靠不住。[…]烏克蘭對台灣的啟示很明確：小國不要刺激大國！台灣跟大陸這麼近，一年賺對岸1700億美元，兩岸和平相處最重要，如果沒事捅中共一下，捅久了總有出事的一天，受傷最大的還是台灣。
While the Russian tanks are marching into Ukraine, there is no sign that the US will let their troops help Ukraine. The effect of sanctions would be limited. It is more effective to send the troops to stop the war, and there will be casualties at that time. […] We can see that the stance of the US is shifting all the time and is not reliable. […] It is clear what Ukraine can teach Taiwan: A small country should never irritate a big country! Taiwan is very close to Mainland China. We earn USD 1,700 hundred billion from China every year, and it is very important to keep cross-strait peace. If we keep irritating China, we are doomed to be in trouble one day. At the end of the day, it is Taiwan that is hurt most.
Many have voiced their opposition against the KMT's political stand. For example, Yi-Cheng Jou, an activist and entrepreneur preserving Taiwan’s culture, criticized the missing logic in the arguments:
看到有人在說「烏克蘭也有不對的地方啦，北約也不該逼俄太甚啦」
好像烏克蘭必須是個完美的國家，我們才可以支持他們反侵略那樣。
[…]支持烏克蘭是在支持民主國家反侵略，也就是支持我們自己！
Some people say, “Ukraine also did something wrong, and NATO should not press Russia too much.”
It seems to them that Ukraine must be a perfect country before we could support them to resist the invasion. […]To support Ukraine is to support a democratic country resisting invasion, and that is to support ourselves.
Miao Poya, a Taipei City Councilor from the Social Democratic Party, saw fear-mongering in the spread of fake news and pro-China narratives, as she pointed out on March 1:
俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭第一時間，中共對臺灣的宣傳戰也同步加溫。一時之間風向大亂，臺灣社會瀰漫一股焦慮不安。
現在，烏克蘭人已經奮勇抵抗俄軍超過120小時，讓世人刮目相看。從烏克蘭抗俄，我們看到：
大國武裝侵略並非無堅不摧、小國自我防衛並非不堪一擊；盟國提供的援助，也發揮關鍵作用。最重要的，是烏克蘭「不分男女老幼、無分士農工商，全國總動員捍衛家園」的信心與勇氣。而這份「抵抗侵略者的意志」，也正是中共對臺文宣戰想摧毀的目標。
While Russia started the invasion of Ukraine, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) also started its propaganda war in Taiwan. The wind of public opinions became turbulent immediately, and there was anxiety filling in the air of our society.
Now the Ukrainians have resisted the Russian army for more than 120 hours, and they impress all of us. We have learned from their resistance that: The invasion from a superpower is not irresistible. The defense of a small country is not futile. Support from the allies also play a key role.
The most important thing is the belief and courage that Ukrainians, “men and women, senior and young, people working in various fields, all stand up to defend their homeland.” This “will to resist the invader” is what CCP plans to destroy in their propaganda war in Taiwan.
Amid the Ukraine crisis, many Taiwanese feel the threat of war and are reflecting what the nation should do if it comes to that. Albert Tzeng, a political columnist, posted his conversation with his daughter.
連兩天晚上掛網看 #ukraine 的各種消息影像，米米都湊在身邊。有時她問，我就扼要解釋。…剛剛睡前，她跑到客廳來抱我，窩在身上時冷不防問我「如果發生戰爭，爸爸也要去嗎？」我愣住，還是解釋了當國家遭到侵略，爸爸受過軍事訓練，只要還能打就不該躲的責任。「我如果不去，其他人也不去，就沒有人保護米米跟姊姊了呀。」
她不死心多問兩次「一定要嗎？」我點頭，然後她就哭了。聽她哭，我自己的眼睛也紅了。後來帶她去睡覺，跟她承諾「爸爸會盡一切努力，避免戰爭爆發」。
I have been glued to the internet watching the information and images about Ukraine for two nights. Mimi was sitting beside me. She asked me questions sometimes, and I explained to her succinctly. … Just before she went to bed today, she came to the living room to hug me. To my surprise, she asked me “Will Daddy leave us if there is a war?” I was stunned. I explained to her that when our country is invaded, I have the responsibility to join the army because I had been trained before. “If I do not go, and others do not go, there will be no one to protect Mimi and your sister.”
She asked me again and again, “Do you need to do it?” I nodded, and she cried. Listening to her crying, my eyes watered. Later I brought her to bed and promised her that “I will try my best to avoid the war.”
Poetry as protest: A Taiwanese way of countering narratives
Some expressed their opinions via poems. Lin Ki-Yo, a poet whose pen name means “toward the sun,” for example, shared his anti-war sentiment by posting some of his classic work. Other poets like Kuei-shien Lee, a Taiwanese poet who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2001, expressed his support to Ukraine with the following original poem, which evokes Ukraine's national flower, the Sunflower, as well as Taiwan's 2014 Sunflower Movement.
〈烏克蘭向日葵〉
把向日葵種籽放入征衣口袋裡準備在戰場以肉身化為塵土培養基以鮮血灌溉在烏克蘭主權國土上牢記新婦叮嚀要以新縫征衣見證復員共同栽植保護國花的品種朝天空微笑在烏克蘭自由國土上
“Sunflower in Ukraine“
I put the seeds of sunflower
into the pocket of my military uniform
ready to turn my flesh in the battlefield
as their medium on earth
and irrigate them with my blood
on the sovereign territory in Ukraine.I keep in mind the advice of my brideto witness with my new uniform on siteand when return home after warto cultivate this species of national flowersmiling toward the skyon my free homeland in Ukraine.
For more information about this topic, see our special coverage Russia invades Ukraine.
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